See gestandan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "istonden"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: istonden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: istonden"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gastandaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gastandaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġe",
"3": "standan"
},
"expansion": "ġe- + standan",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gistandan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon gistandan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (gastandan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gistantan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German gistantan",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *gastandaną, equivalent to ġe- + standan. Cognate with Old Saxon gistandan, Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (gastandan). Compare Old High German gistantan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ġestandan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "6",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestandan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestandenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestande",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestōd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestenst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestentst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestōde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestōd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestandaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestōdon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestande",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestōde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestanden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestōden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestand",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestandaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestandende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestanden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ġestandan"
},
"expansion": "ġestandan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ġestandan<s6>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 25 27 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 20 29 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English terms prefixed with ge-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 24 23 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 18 17 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The fifth plague was a pestilence among their livestock, such that in the land almost no livestock were left, except for those of Israel, who remained healthy.",
"text": "Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church\nÞæt fīfte wīte wæs cwealm on heora orfe, swā þæt on ðām lande fornēan nān orf ne belāf, buton Israheles bē ānsund ġestōd.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to remain, last, exist, stand still"
],
"id": "en-gestandan-ang-verb-S-Yd1Ndl",
"links": [
[
"remain",
"remain"
],
[
"last",
"last"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"stand",
"stand"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to hold oneself upright"
],
"id": "en-gestandan-ang-verb-F1r4fcIO",
"links": [
[
"upright",
"upright"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be steady, remain undisturbed"
],
"id": "en-gestandan-ang-verb-x7noVQG5",
"links": [
[
"steady",
"steady"
],
[
"undisturbed",
"undisturbed"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to oppose, stand against, oppress"
],
"id": "en-gestandan-ang-verb-K3WSYTpj",
"links": [
[
"oppose",
"oppose"
],
[
"oppress",
"oppress"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jeˈstɑn.dɑn/"
}
],
"word": "gestandan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English class 6 strong verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms prefixed with ge-",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "istonden"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: istonden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: istonden"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gastandaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gastandaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġe",
"3": "standan"
},
"expansion": "ġe- + standan",
"name": "prefix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gistandan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon gistandan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (gastandan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gistantan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German gistantan",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *gastandaną, equivalent to ġe- + standan. Cognate with Old Saxon gistandan, Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (gastandan). Compare Old High German gistantan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ġestandan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "6",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestandan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestandenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestande",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestōd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestenst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestentst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestōde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestōd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestandaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestōdon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestande",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestōde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestanden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestōden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestand",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestandaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestandende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ġestanden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ġestandan"
},
"expansion": "ġestandan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ġestandan<s6>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The fifth plague was a pestilence among their livestock, such that in the land almost no livestock were left, except for those of Israel, who remained healthy.",
"text": "Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church\nÞæt fīfte wīte wæs cwealm on heora orfe, swā þæt on ðām lande fornēan nān orf ne belāf, buton Israheles bē ānsund ġestōd.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to remain, last, exist, stand still"
],
"links": [
[
"remain",
"remain"
],
[
"last",
"last"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"stand",
"stand"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to hold oneself upright"
],
"links": [
[
"upright",
"upright"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be steady, remain undisturbed"
],
"links": [
[
"steady",
"steady"
],
[
"undisturbed",
"undisturbed"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to oppose, stand against, oppress"
],
"links": [
[
"oppose",
"oppose"
],
[
"oppress",
"oppress"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jeˈstɑn.dɑn/"
}
],
"word": "gestandan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gestandan meaning in Old English (4.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (5ee713e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.